SAMPLE ASSESSMENT

Example Assessment

What a Forensic Horizon assessment tells you

The excerpt below is illustrative output produced for a mid-size enterprise. Figures, sources and findings are examples only and are not drawn from a real customer engagement.

Headline horizons

The three horizons, at a glance

Searchable, recoverable and defensible horizons are measured independently, because a source can hold data without that data being usable as evidence.

Searchable Horizon

41days

Shortest window across sources that can be queried directly.

Recoverable Horizon

210days

Shortest window across sources that can be restored or exported.

Defensible Horizon

73days

Shortest window that would hold up under scrutiny, end to end.

Target

180days

Agreed with the organization during scoping.

Scenario reconstruction horizons

How far back each scenario can actually be reconstructed

Each scenario's horizon is set by the evidence dependency it relies on most heavily, not by the organization's longest retention period.
ScenarioHorizon (days)Limiting evidence dependency
Ransomware180EDR process telemetry, retained 180 days
M365 or SaaS compromise365M365 unified audit log, retained 365 days
Data exfiltration93Firewall / proxy egress logs, retained 93 days
Persistent long-dwell compromise60Endpoint execution history, retained 60 days
Privileged account compromise88Directory service audit logs, retained 88 days
Insider threat120File access and DLP records, retained 120 days

Horizon limiters

What is holding the horizon back

A limiter is the single shortest-retention dependency behind a given investigative capability. Extending it is usually the highest-leverage change available.

DHCP history

30 days

Limits historical IP-to-device attribution. Affects lateral movement, ransomware and data exfiltration scenarios.

Endpoint telemetry

90 days

Limits historical execution reconstruction beyond the current EDR window.

SaaS audit

180 days

Limits historical content-access reconstruction in SaaS platforms.

Evidence assurance by source

What was examined, and how confidently

Assurance is scored on an E0-E4 scale: E0 is an unexamined assertion, E4 is a capability demonstrated during a controlled reconstruction exercise. A source's stated retention is only reported once it has actually been tested.
SourceRetentionAssuranceState
Identity (Active Directory / Entra ID)90 daysE3Present
Endpoint (EDR)90 daysE2Partial
DNS30 daysE2Partial
DHCP30 daysE1Partial
Firewall180 daysE3Present
VPN365 daysE3Present
M365365 daysE4Present
SIEM archive365 daysE1Partial

Assurance scale (E0-E4)

  • E0Assertion only

    Capability is stated but not examined.

  • E1Documentation reviewed

    Policy or configuration documentation examined.

  • E2Observed

    Evidence availability observed in the platform.

  • E3Technically tested

    Queries executed against historical data.

  • E4Demonstrated

    Demonstrated during controlled investigation or reconstruction exercise.

Improvement simulation

From 73 days to 180 days

Three sourced changes, sequenced by leverage, move the defensible horizon from its current measured value to the organization's target.
Current defensible horizon
73 days
Projected defensible horizon
180 days
  • Extend DHCP history
  • Increase EDR retention
  • Validate SIEM archive retrieval

Current state

DNS retention
14 days
Forensic Horizon
30 days
Ransomware reconstruction
71%

Recommended change

Increase DNS retention

14 → 90 days

Single-source change; no additional log ingestion into the SIEM required.

Projected impact

Forensic Horizon
30 → 58 days
Ransomware reconstruction
71 → 76%

Projection based on measured dependencies.

What the report contains

Report contents

  • Searchable, recoverable and defensible horizons
  • Scenario reconstruction horizons
  • Evidence assurance scores
  • Missing sources
  • Collection gaps
  • Attribution gaps
  • Integrity weaknesses
  • Archive validation status
  • Horizon limiters
  • Prioritized remediation roadmap
  • Executive-ready report

How far back could you prove what happened?

The figures above are illustrative. An assessment measures your own environment against the scenarios that matter to it.